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Explainer: What is tokenisation?

Proponents claim it will lead to faster transaction settlement, operational cost savings, enhanced transparency and ‘democratisation’ of access
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Explainer: What is tokenisation?Image: Andriy Onufriyenko/Getty Images

Tokenisation has taken off as a frequent talking point in financial services. Most of the hype surrounds digital asset tokenisation related to Web3 activities and the use of blockchain as a trust layer. However, many in the more traditional space are looking at the ability to turn real-world and traditional financial assets such as bonds, loans or mortgages into a digital token traded on the blockchain or distributed ledger to simplify settlement.

In general, tokenisation is the process of issuing a digital, unique and anonymous representation of a real thing, such as when sensitive data is attached to an element as a token for security purposes. For example, when most people use a credit or debit card for payment at a merchant, the point of sale is not receiving the customer’s account details directly, but instead receiving a token, protected by cryptography, for security.

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Liz Lumley is deputy editor at The Banker. She is a global specialist commentator on global financial technology or “fintech”. She has spent 30 years working in the financial technology space, most recently as director at VC Innovations and architect of the Fintech Talents Festival, managing director at Startupbootcamp FinTech London and an editor at financial services and technology newswire, Finextra. She was named Journalist of the Year for Technology and Digital Finance at State Street’s UK Press Awards for 2022.
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