Eurobond issuance from sub-Saharan Africa is still dwarfed by that from elsewhere in the world. But more and more African sovereigns are tapping the market as investors clamour for exposure to the rapidly growing region, where local bond markets are also developing quickly.
The economic changes that have taken place over the past few years have forced banks to fine-tune their business and expansion strategies, not just to stay competitive – or regain their competitive advantage – but to also keep abreast with new technologies and changing demands from clients.
US authorities require Chinese companies listed in the US to abide by certain accounting standards. Many of these Chinese companies are unable to meet such demands because the information contained within their accounts is deemed to be a state secret. Recent fraud accusations involving Chinese companies have only served to highlight this problem, but any sort of resolution appears to be some way off.
Non-bank organisations are increasingly engaged in bank-like activities, filling the gaps that banks are leaving and finding entirely new opportunities, which has led authorities to take note and tighten up the regulatory and supervisory framework for the shadow banking system.
New regulations and resolution and recovery regimes are forcing banks across the world to change their models and strategies. While much is still uncertain, it is clear that how they manage their capital levels and funding will be crucial to determining what business lines they can go into.