Rescue packages and a rebounding economy have stabilised the German banking system. But it remains vulnerable to weak profitability, low-quality capital and exposure to cyclical industries abroad. Moreover, some believe that even the crisis has failed to force structural change. Writer Geraldine Lambe
Federico Ghizzoni, UniCredit's new CEO, appears to strike the right personal balance between the group's Italian origins and its pan-European reach. But some of the dilemmas that dragged down his predecessor, Alessandro Profumo, need resolving. Writer Philip Alexander
A flourishing private banking sector is developing in Turkey, as bank and wealth managers compete for the deposits of the wealthy, causing some high-net-worth Turkish individuals and institutional investors that previously entrusted their funds to European and US banks to shift their business to domestic institutions. Writer Metin Demirsar
Over the past eight years, Yapi Kredi has been taken over by Turkey's banking regulators, sold and then merged with a smaller bank, yet it still emerged from the recent global financial crisis in robust shape. The secret, according to its CFO, is looking after the customers. Writer David O'Byrne
Is Bank, Turkey's largest private bank, has an unconventional boardroom make-up and an unusual business portfolio. However, it is the bank's focus on conventional banking that has seen it emerge from the crisis in good health and in a position to expand beyond its domestic borders. Writer David O'Byrne
The Dutch banking sector has returned to some semblance of normality following the global crisis, with AAA rated Rabobank leading the way and other banks busy rebuilding their reputations. However, fears of a contagion effect from troubled economies in southern Europe, or even a double-dip recession in some of the world's larger economies, are adding caution to any optimism. Writer Michael Imeson
Italy came through the financial crisis in better shape than many of its peers for various reasons, says Intesa Sanpaolo chief executive Corrado Passera, who shares his thoughts on why Italian banks got it right and how his institution's reaction during the dip has set it up for growth. Writer Brian Caplen
The Portuguese government has struggled to convince the international finance markets of its commitment to fiscal discipline, and this has prevented any easing of the country's funding problems and delayed economic recovery. However, deposits are bouncing back and industry is managing to maintain investment. Writer Peter Wise
Despite five of Spain's savings banks featuring among the seven institutions to fail the EU stress tests, the surprising results can be seen as a positive turning point in the cajas' 200-year history, with reform, consolidation and new access to foreign capital likely to strengthen their vaults. Writer Jules Stewart